What is the relationship of "Biao" and "Li" in TCVM diagnostics?

In Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM), the concepts of "Biao" and "Li" play a crucial role in understanding the state of health and disease in animals. "Biao" refers to the exterior and is associated with symptoms that manifest on the surface or in the body's outer layers, such as the skin or muscles. These symptoms may include signs of pathogens affecting the body, like fever or skin issues. It represents conditions that are often acute and may respond favorably to treatment that addresses external factors.

On the other hand, "Li" pertains to the interior and relates to the deeper, more fundamental health issues within the body. This could involve the internal organs and the physiological processes that are not readily visible on the surface. "Li" conditions might include chronic illnesses, internal organ dysfunction, or imbalances in vital energy (Qi).

Understanding the relationship between "Biao" and "Li" is pivotal in TCVM diagnostics, as it helps practitioners determine the appropriate treatment approach. By assessing whether an issue is more exterior or interior in nature, a TCVM practitioner can tailor therapies effectively to either treat surface symptoms or address deeper underlying conditions. This foundational concept guides the overall strategy for diagnosis and treatment in TCVM, emphasizing the holistic approach